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2025, Vol: 3, Issue: 1
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Original Research 


Analysis Of Multi-Constellation Using Precise Point Positioning Technique (PPP) With Mobile Phone As Receiver For Coordinate Accuracy

Imran Sunusi, Ayibaemi Ledum Ibaba, Omotayo Oshiga.


Abstract
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are vital for navigation. This study compared the productivity and accuracy of surveys using different GNSS constellation combinations: GPS-only, GPS+GLONASS, and GPS+GLONASS+Beidou. Instead of costly RTK receivers, an Android phone with Geo++ RINEX and Locus Map Apps served as the receiver. Precise Point Positioning (PPP) was adopted for accurate positioning without a base station. The study was conducted at Nile University Abuja with ten stations, considering various conditions and obstructions. Data collected from the Geo++ RINEX app were analyzed using RTKLIB. Results were evaluated using RTKLIB and Microsoft Excel for position and altitude accuracy. Position readings were generally accurate, while altitude measurements exhibited disparities. When combining GPS, GLONASS, and Beidou constellations, the maximum and minimum numbers of serving satellites were 32 and 26, respectively. The closest altitude reading had a 1-meter difference, while the highest disparity in altitude measurement reached 20.9 meters.

Key words: Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), GPS, GLONASS, Beidou, Android phone, Geo++ RINEX App, Locus Map App, survey accuracy, GNSS constellation combinations, Precise Point Positioning (PPP), RTK receivers, Nile University Abuja, position accuracy, altitude accuracy, RTKLIB.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Sunusi I, Ibaba AL, Oshiga O. Analysis Of Multi-Constellation Using Precise Point Positioning Technique (PPP) With Mobile Phone As Receiver For Coordinate Accuracy. NJEAS. 2024; 2(1): 90-96. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.161710

Web Style

Sunusi I, Ibaba AL, Oshiga O. Analysis Of Multi-Constellation Using Precise Point Positioning Technique (PPP) With Mobile Phone As Receiver For Coordinate Accuracy. https://www.nilejeas.com/?mno=161710 [Access: June 27, 2026]. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.161710

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Sunusi I, Ibaba AL, Oshiga O. Analysis Of Multi-Constellation Using Precise Point Positioning Technique (PPP) With Mobile Phone As Receiver For Coordinate Accuracy. NJEAS. 2024; 2(1): 90-96. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.161710


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Sunusi I, Ibaba AL, Oshiga O. Analysis Of Multi-Constellation Using Precise Point Positioning Technique (PPP) With Mobile Phone As Receiver For Coordinate Accuracy. NJEAS. (2024), [cited June 27, 2026]; 2(1): 90-96. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.161710


Harvard Style

Sunusi, I., Ibaba, . A. L. & Oshiga, . O. (2024) Analysis Of Multi-Constellation Using Precise Point Positioning Technique (PPP) With Mobile Phone As Receiver For Coordinate Accuracy. NJEAS, 2 (1), 90-96. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.161710


Turabian Style

Sunusi, Imran, Ayibaemi Ledum Ibaba, and Omotayo Oshiga. 2024. Analysis Of Multi-Constellation Using Precise Point Positioning Technique (PPP) With Mobile Phone As Receiver For Coordinate Accuracy. Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 2 (1), 90-96. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.161710


Chicago Style

Sunusi, Imran, Ayibaemi Ledum Ibaba, and Omotayo Oshiga. "Analysis Of Multi-Constellation Using Precise Point Positioning Technique (PPP) With Mobile Phone As Receiver For Coordinate Accuracy." Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science 2 (2024), 90-96. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.161710


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Sunusi, Imran, Ayibaemi Ledum Ibaba, and Omotayo Oshiga. "Analysis Of Multi-Constellation Using Precise Point Positioning Technique (PPP) With Mobile Phone As Receiver For Coordinate Accuracy." Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science 2.1 (2024), 90-96. Print. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.161710


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Sunusi, I., Ibaba, . A. L. & Oshiga, . O. (2024) Analysis Of Multi-Constellation Using Precise Point Positioning Technique (PPP) With Mobile Phone As Receiver For Coordinate Accuracy. Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 2 (1), 90-96. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.161710


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Contact Information


1. Prof. Abdulhameed Danjuma Mambo
   Editor-in-Chief
abdulhameed.mambo@nileuniversity.edu.ng
2. Dr. Adekunle Adeleke
    Associate Editor-in-Chief
    adekunle.adeleke@nileuniversity.edu.ng
3. Dr. Ifeyinwa Obianyo
Managing Editor
ifeyinwa.obianyo@nileuniversity.edu.ng