E-ISSN 3026-930X
 
2025, Vol: 3, Issue: 1
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Original Research 


Quantification of Atrazine Residues In Gombe Agricultural Soils of Kwami Local Government Area in Gombe State.

Fatima Saleh, Hussein I. Ibrahim, Mansur Abdulrasheed, Jimoh Abdulwahab Ibrahim.


Abstract
Atrazine is a herbicide widely used in agriculture, leading to environmental contamination and severe potential health risks such as endocrine disruption, toxicity and carcinogenic effects. This study aimed to detect and quantify atrazine in Gombe farmland soils thereby uncovering the level of atrazine contamination in the study area. Triplicate agricultural soil samples were collected from five different farmlands and three non-agricultural control soils. Spectrophotometric detection of atrazine was optimized, and this enabled the construction of a standard calibration curve using varied atrazine standards for extrapolative determination of atrazine loading from different farmland soils. All the agricultural soils depicted significantly higher atrazine contamination levels, with agricultural site 4 producing the highest atrazine herbicide concentration of 0.66 g/kg, while the lowest concentration of 0.49 g/kg was detected in site 1. The detected atrazine levels were higher than the various regulatory limits, suggesting seriously higher contamination arising from the herbicide accumulation in the agricultural soils due to the intensive and ceaseless herbicide application. There was no detectable atrazine in all the non-agricultural control soils which showed no significant relevance. Findings vitally provide a regional baseline data on atrazine contamination in Gombe agricultural soils. Also, underscore the need for an urgent atrazine remediation strategy, regulatory interventions and alternative herbicide management to minimise the health consequences of atrazine contamination in the study area.

Key words: Soil, Atrazine, farmland, agricultural soil, Spectrophotometry.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Saleh F, Ibrahim HI, Abdulrasheed M, Ibrahim JA. Quantification of Atrazine Residues In Gombe Agricultural Soils of Kwami Local Government Area in Gombe State.. NJEAS. 2025; 3(1): 281-289. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.287230

Web Style

Saleh F, Ibrahim HI, Abdulrasheed M, Ibrahim JA. Quantification of Atrazine Residues In Gombe Agricultural Soils of Kwami Local Government Area in Gombe State.. https://www.nilejeas.com/?mno=287230 [Access: June 23, 2026]. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.287230

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Saleh F, Ibrahim HI, Abdulrasheed M, Ibrahim JA. Quantification of Atrazine Residues In Gombe Agricultural Soils of Kwami Local Government Area in Gombe State.. NJEAS. 2025; 3(1): 281-289. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.287230


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Saleh F, Ibrahim HI, Abdulrasheed M, Ibrahim JA. Quantification of Atrazine Residues In Gombe Agricultural Soils of Kwami Local Government Area in Gombe State.. NJEAS. (2025), [cited June 23, 2026]; 3(1): 281-289. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.287230


Harvard Style

Saleh, F., Ibrahim, . H. I., Abdulrasheed, . M. & Ibrahim, . J. A. (2025) Quantification of Atrazine Residues In Gombe Agricultural Soils of Kwami Local Government Area in Gombe State.. NJEAS, 3 (1), 281-289. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.287230


Turabian Style

Saleh, Fatima, Hussein I. Ibrahim, Mansur Abdulrasheed, and Jimoh Abdulwahab Ibrahim. 2025. Quantification of Atrazine Residues In Gombe Agricultural Soils of Kwami Local Government Area in Gombe State.. Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 3 (1), 281-289. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.287230


Chicago Style

Saleh, Fatima, Hussein I. Ibrahim, Mansur Abdulrasheed, and Jimoh Abdulwahab Ibrahim. "Quantification of Atrazine Residues In Gombe Agricultural Soils of Kwami Local Government Area in Gombe State.." Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science 3 (2025), 281-289. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.287230


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Saleh, Fatima, Hussein I. Ibrahim, Mansur Abdulrasheed, and Jimoh Abdulwahab Ibrahim. "Quantification of Atrazine Residues In Gombe Agricultural Soils of Kwami Local Government Area in Gombe State.." Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science 3.1 (2025), 281-289. Print. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.287230


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Saleh, F., Ibrahim, . H. I., Abdulrasheed, . M. & Ibrahim, . J. A. (2025) Quantification of Atrazine Residues In Gombe Agricultural Soils of Kwami Local Government Area in Gombe State.. Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 3 (1), 281-289. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.287230


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1. Prof. Abdulhameed Danjuma Mambo
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abdulhameed.mambo@nileuniversity.edu.ng
2. Dr. Adekunle Adeleke
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3. Dr. Ifeyinwa Obianyo
Managing Editor
ifeyinwa.obianyo@nileuniversity.edu.ng